Acrylic glass derived from sugar
PMMA, also known as acrylic glass or Plexiglass®, is a synthetic plastic developed in 1928. It has properties similar to glass and recently an enzyme was discovered whereby PMMA from natural raw materials such as sugars, alcohols or fatty acids create a biosynthetic pathway to making acrylic glass–the clear, durable plastic often used as a shatter-resistant alternative to glass.
Material Harvesting – An enzyme was recently discovered that makes it possible to turn a C4 carbon structure into a branched one. Compounds like this are precursors of MMA. MMA is made with and derived from petrochemicals. As a result, large amounts of fossil fuels are used, and toxic byproducts are left over. Recently discovered enzymes can also transform sugars and other natural compounds into products desired.
Forming Methods – The process is based on polymerizing methyl methacrylate. Scientists have now discovered an enzyme in a bacteria strain which can serve the bio-technical production of a precursor to MMA. Chemistry industry worldwide is looking for suitable biological processes so that renewable raw materials can also be used as a basis for MMA synthesis.
Sustainability – Compared to standard production of PMMA, the new process is more environmentally friendly, requiring less energy and reducing waste products.
Physical Properties – Similar properties to glass. Fragile, UV resistant and weatherproof. High translucency and low weight.
References
https://phys.org/news/2008-11-acrylic-glass-sugar.html
https://www.technologyreview.com/2008/12/04/32961/greener-glass/